Ukraine's airspace may remain closed until the end of 2029.
This is stated in a report by the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation.
Eurocontrol assumes that russian airspace will remain closed until 2029 as well. Moreover, restrictions may remain in place for the airspace of Belarus and Moldova.
The organisation identifies terrorist attacks, bans on flights between countries, wars and natural disasters as risks that cannot be predicted but may have a temporary or long-term impact on air traffic. Flights may also be cancelled due to strikes by staff at airports and airlines.
At the same time, rising inflation and uncertainties triggered by russia's invasion of Ukraine are seen as key risks. According to the forecast, the protraction of the conflict in time could exacerbate disruptions in energy markets, which would be an even greater blow to global economic expansion.